AESE insight #62
[av_layerslider id='1699'] [av_layerslider id='1697'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Conseguirá Portugal absorver os fundos europeus?' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #62 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full][av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/AESEinsight_DiogoCarvalho.jpg' attachment='84760' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,28476' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Diogo Ribeiro Santos' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Professor de Finanças da AESE e Diretor do Program Next Generation [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Portugal corre o risco de não conseguir absorver os 63 mil milhões de euros (MM€) da nova geração de fundos europeus, dentro do prazo previsto. O nosso historial de aprovação de projetos e de pagamento das verbas aprovadas demonstra que os projetos demoram a aparecer e, quando aparecem, sofrem atrasos de execução. Talvez o sistema de gestão dos fundos europeus seja demasiado complexo. Mas as empresas e outros beneficiários terão de incluir essa complexidade no seu planeamento estratégico, sob pena de não conseguirem aceder aos fundos. Flexibilidade e dinamismo, é o que se pede aos principais atores deste drama.Vamos a factos. O Portugal 2020 (PT2020) previa verbas de cerca de 26 MM€, para financiar projetos entre 2014 e 2020. Em 31 de dezembro de 2020, estavam aprovados projetos que esgotavam a totalidade das verbas disponíveis (taxa de compromisso), mas as verbas pagas não ultrapassavam 57,5 % do total (taxa de execução)[1]. Se, em sete anos, quase metade do programa ficou por executar, o que sucederá, durante os próximos sete anos, com os 63 MM€: 22,9 MM€ do PT2030, 16,6 do PRR, 11,1 MM€ remanescentes do PT2020, comprometidos, mas não executados, 9,8 MM€ da PAC e 2,1 MM€ do REACT?
O Tribunal de Contas (TdC) salienta que embora a nossa taxa de execução seja superior à de outros Estados-Membros, a verdade é que essa taxa demora, em regra, muito tempo a arrancar, é, em geral, baixa e só acelera significativamente na reta final do período. A taxa de compromisso segue o mesmo padrão, e os seus valores oscilam entre o dobro e o triplo da taxa de execução. Segundo o TdC, a taxa de execução do PT2020 deveu-se: ao arranque tardio dos programas; falta de recursos humanos nas estruturas de apoio; necessidade de aguardar por orientações definidas a nível central e de articular a atuação de entidades diversas; morosidade dos avisos de abertura de concurso; complexidade na articulação de financiamento proveniente de fundos diferentes; falta de atratividade de alguns apoios; desinteresse dos potenciais beneficiários; atrasos em autorizações e pareceres prévios; morosidade na análise dos pedidos de pagamento; e dificuldades de operacionalização dos sistemas de informação. [2]
Como vão o Estado e as empresas portuguesas reagir a este desafio? É pouco crível que o Estado consiga, no curto prazo, resolver todos os constrangimentos apontados pelo TdC. Conseguirão as empresas estruturar projetos em ambiente complexo, em que as incertezas do mercado se somam aos constrangimentos causados – e sofridos – pelas entidades gestoras? Estas terão de multiplicar os esforços para manter um diálogo construtivo com os beneficiários. Os bancos terão de incorporar os atrasos de libertação de verbas nas condições do crédito concedido.
E as escolas de negócios? Seria desejável que criassem plataformas de discussão e de troca de boas práticas entre todos estes intervenientes, assumindo uma postura neutra e independente. É isso que a AESE Business School pretende fazer com o Programa Next Generation.
[1] A média europeia é de 56%. “Com o mal dos outros posso eu bem”. [2] Auditoria ao Portugal 2020. Relatório n.º 12/2021. [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section][av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Outros artigos' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='#edae44' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' 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