AESE insight #51

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Bons e novos desafios para o ecossistema da vinha e do vinho' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #51 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/JRamalhoFontes_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84008' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,11572' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='José Ramalho Fontes' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Presidente da AESE Business School e Professor de Operações e Tecnologia [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Nestes prolongados meses de pandemia, as pessoas viveram experiências diferentes que ou vão passar à memória ou, pelo contrário, vão introduzir mudanças duradouras no consumo que se irão identificando, aos poucos, embora algumas realidades já comecem a ser evidentes. Uma das experiências relevantes originadas pela COVID-19 teve a ver com a agenda das pessoas, obrigando-as a uma paragem forçosa na sua atividade, implicando um modo diferente de usar o tempo, como kronos, e proporcionando a oportunidade de pensar, uma disponibilidade pouco frequente em muitos, que as levou a procurarem compreender melhor o que estava a acontecer, a dimensão kairosdo tempo, quem eram, o seu contexto pessoal e familiar, os seus problemas, que soluções desenvolver, etc.
O consumidor de vinho na pandemia sofisticou-se internacionalmente
A possibilidade de tomar as refeições em casa, sem correrias, com mais convívio, suscitou uma escolha mais cuidada do vinho, trouxe uma ‘necessidade’ de um consumo mais qualificado, que foi resolvida por uma compra de produtos mais caros como verificaram os observadores independentes. Reconhecendo que o mercado português é relativamente pequeno neste âmbito para se confirmar esta hipótese, foi nas exportações de vinho português que se mediu essa realidade pelo seu crescimento de 19% em valor e 15% em quantidade, o que se explica porque “as pessoas não queriam passar muito tempo nas lojas, apostavam nos valores seguros e, por isso, refugiaram-se no vinho português por uma questão de confiança e porque têm uma excelente relação qualidade-preço ", explicou, Frederico Falcão, Presidente da ViniPortugal, – Associação Interprofissional que promove internacionalmente os nossos vinhos.
De facto, a ViniPortugal, revelou que estes dois aumentos no primeiro semestre de 2021, em relação a 2020, representam ainda uma subida de 9,2%, em valor, em relação a 2019, e traduzem uma subida de 4,2% no preço médio, uma tendência dos últimos anos e uma necessidade imperiosa para o ecossistema da vinha e do vinho português. Note-se, por exemplo, que o mesmo ocorreu no Alentejo onde, com dados do Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), "as exportações de vinho alentejano cresceram 20% em valor, com 32 milhões de euros de receita gerada", com 14% em volume, nos primeiros seis meses deste ano.
Em Portugal, esta realidade teve uma outra face, negativa, que a confirma, porque as marcas que dependiam mais da restauração ou da compra por impulso na grande distribuição tiveram quebras elevadas, da ordem dos 80% na região dos Vinhos Verdes, e acentuando clivagens, na mesma região outras empresas tiveram 20% de crescimento nas receitas com um mix de produtos com preço médio mais caro.
A outra dimensão do tempo do consumidor, o kairos
No contexto da paragem pandémica, os consumidores viveram um tempo muito especial, marcado pela experiência contrastante de um tempo mais relaxado, mas em circunstâncias, por vezes dramáticas, que trouxeram uma nova sensibilidade para os problemas da sociedade – da humanidade! As pessoas, mais do que os simples consumidores ou clientes, tiveram tempo para ler com mais atenção os rótulos, consideraram mais a sério os efeitos das alterações climáticas nas suas compras e, por último, tiveram mais tempo para analisar as promessas e comportamentos das várias empresas, sobre os seus esforços de diminuir a pegada carbónica, de reduzir a utilização de plásticos, de contribuir para causas sociais, etc., validando ou não as suas preferências.
Em paralelo com estas preocupações, avivadas por algumas catástrofes naturais recentes, as apostas da União Europeia no Green Deal e as suas imposições, nos PRR, Programas de Resiliência e Recuperação para incluírem uma percentagem mínima, da ordem dos 25%, nas áreas da transição climática, apontam mais uma mudança duradoura na sociedade e na economia, sendo impossível ficar indiferente por mais cético que se seja, à constante referência a estas realidades em todas as plataformas mediáticas.
Esta mudança de disposições constata-se, por exemplo, no estudo da PwC Global de Insights do Consumidor: em 2019, apenas 35% dos entrevistados disseram que escolheram produtos sustentáveis para ajudar a proteger o meio ambiente, 37% disseram que procuraram produtos com embalagens ecologicamente corretas e 41% disseram que evitavam o uso de plástico quando podiam, mas os resultados do mesmo estudo de 2021 mostram percentagens de dez a 20 pontos maiores em resposta a perguntas formuladas de forma semelhante. Outro estudo da Visual GPS, em conjunto com a empresa de estudos de mercado YouGov, descobriu que 81% das pessoas entrevistadas esperam que as empresas sejam ambientalmente conscientes na sua publicidade e comunicações, e 69% dos entrevistados disseram que estão fazendo tudo o que é possível para minimizar sua pegada de carbono (contra 63% apenas um ano antes).
Consequências desta dimensão verde no consumo do vinho
Dentro dos padrões tradicionais de consumo mais exigente de vinho, poderia parecer, numa visão imediata, que não haverá consequências de relevo destas experiências identificadas nos mercados ao longo destes 18 meses, mas constatam-se tendências que apontam em sentido contrário.
As embalagens
No caso dos consumidores portugueses, prevê-se que se verifiquem mudanças na sequência da aceitação do BiB, bag in box, obrigatório na Escandinávia, por exemplo, para produtos mais qualificados, e porque estão a responder ao desafio da lata de alumínio, por exemplo nos Vinhos Verdes, onde seria mais natural, mas também no Portonic, uma bebida à base de Vinho do Porto que várias casas muito respeitáveis lançaram com a bênção do IVDP, Instituto do Vinho do Douro e Porto. E não será irrelevante considerar a quantidade de produtores portugueses que, neste verão, lançaram vinho em lata - Adega Mãe, Borges, Sogrape, Quinta da Lixa, etc.- um deles em parceria com a Lidl, para potenciar a venda com o sublinhado ecológico.
Uma muito recente publicação da Agrogés, refere que a pegada carbónica do vinho corresponde em cerca de 50% à embalagem e ao transporte, e 30% vem da garrafa de vidro, o que aponta para mudanças, a começar nos mercados internacionais, como acontece nos Estados Unidos. No melhor mercado de exportação para o vinho português, há poucos tópicos mais “trendy” do que discutir o vinho em lata, que cresce há vários anos a dois dígitos no mercado. O vinho em lata em gamas elevadas é mais frequente nos EUA, como afirmou o CEO da Amorim Cork, António Amorim, líder mundial no fornecimento de rolhas de cortiça para vinhos, num evento CV3, Criar Valor na Vinha e no Vinho, da AESE, dando o exemplo dos vinhos das Wineries Family Coppola com as latas de Sofia (em homenagem à sua filha única), com quase 20 anos no mercado.
Os produtos biológicos
Os produtos biológicos que começam a impor-se nas prateleiras, são uma outra forma de resolver essa maior sensibilidade para o seu consumo que os produtores portugueses de vinhos já estão a oferecer: na garrafeira do El Corte Ingles, uma referência habitual para quem procura melhores vinhos, já se oferecem 65 produtos com um preço médio de 14,63€ e máximo e mínimo de 76,90€ e 4,95€, respetivamente. É que os próprios produtores já estão afetados pelas alterações climáticas que estão a impor o início da vindima cada vez mais cedo, a condicionar a disponibilidade e preço da água, e a experimentar alguns eventos extremos. Como resposta, a região do Alentejo é pioneira, porque desenvolveu uma certificação regional das empresas para a produção sustentável, mobilizada pelo trabalho de vários produtores e, também, pela experiência de várias décadas do Esporão, um dos maiores produtores de vinho biológico do mundo.
Neste contexto complexo, quem tem de formatar, agora, a sua paragem estratégica são os diferentes atores do ecossistema da vinha e do vinho para desenhar estratégias que fidelizem estes novos clientes aos melhores e mais caros produtos, sabendo que eles também vão experimentar produtos estrangeiros e vão ser mais exigentes na experiência. 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custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/PADE-2021-2022_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='83977' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,1944' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Programa de Alta Direção de Empresas (PADE)' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 2 e 3 de novembro, em Lisboa e no Porto [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/HBE-2021-2022_instagram_1080px_02.jpg' attachment='81874' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,76958' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Hospital Business Enhancement (HBE) live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 8 de novembro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,72' items='5' offset='5' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Leia outras edições' heading_link='post,64984' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,226' items='6' offset='no_duplicates' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Alumni AESE ' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='event-categories,27' items='4' offset='1' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Short Programs' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third]

AESE insight #51

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Construir o Futuro faz sentido?' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #51 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/PedroAlvito_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84010' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,5462' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Pedro Alvito' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Professor de Política de Empresa da AESE Business School e Diretor do Programa “Construir o Futuro nas Empresas Familiares” [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Vivemos numa sociedade que se preocupa cada vez mais com a satisfação imediata das necessidades, buscando um consumismo a que eu chamo de satisfação pela antecipação – queremos sempre ter e experimentar aquilo que acabou de sair e principalmente fazê-lo antes de todos os outros.
Pensar que vamos comprar algo para usufruir apenas daqui a alguns meses ou anos é impensável. Tudo se centra na satisfação no hoje.
Todo este processo traz implicações inevitáveis ao nível da gestão. A excessiva preocupação com a mudança que gera desperdícios infindáveis nas empresas sem proveitos palpáveis ou evidentes ao que se junta uma gestão profissional quase sempre a prazo limitado no tempo gera inevitavelmente uma preocupação excessiva com o hoje por parte de muitos gestores.
O sucesso está, pois, intimamente ligado ao conceito do imediato, basta ver qualquer canal de televisão e todos os programas prometem mundos e fundos para o agora, mas nenhum trabalha uma carreira que seja sustentável. Inevitavelmente que a qualidade baixa, o consumo torna-se instantâneo e o futuro para aqueles que participam (tirando raríssimas exceções que confirmam a regra) nunca irá existir deixando para trás esse sucesso e brilho fugaz.
Noutros tempos (expressão hoje em dia tão odiada) tudo era feito a pensar no futuro – a música, a arte no geral, o pensamento político, a gestão estratégica e até os móveis da nossa casa. Hoje lembramos mais facilmente um sucesso musical dos anos 60, 70 ou 80 do que um do ano passado ou de há dois anos. A arte passou a ser feita de instalações temporárias, performances e manifestações artísticas caracterizadas pelo efémero. O pensamento político transformou-se em propaganda e tecnocracia ao sabor de eleições ou de sondagens em que o programa político dos partidos é substituído pelas ideias e pela agenda dos seus líderes e os móveis deixaram de ter estilo e até de ter madeira para se tornarem material de desgaste rápido… Na gestão procuramos como na agricultura e sem olhar às consequências, o lucro rápido dos eucaliptos em vez de deixar às gerações vindouras a riqueza dos sobreiros. O que importa é valorizar ações, distribuir dividendos crescentes e criar seguidores e apoiantes nas redes sociais que transformem a empresa num sucesso mediático.
No entanto este cenário aparentemente apocalíptico tem os seus D. Quixote dos tempos modernos – as empresas familiares. Dizem os estudos que as empresas familiares são as mais avessas à mudança e mais conservadoras em termos de processo de decisão, mas são também as que mais investem em inovação, fomentam o emprego, apostam no mercado global e criam riqueza para o país. São também aquelas que mais se preocupam em olhar para o futuro não esquecendo o presente. Só com muita sorte chegaremos a um futuro melhor se não traçarmos um objetivo concreto, definido e quantificado a partir sempre de uma realidade presente devidamente analisada e conhecida.
A gestão é feita de outro modo. Dá-se importância ao que é realmente importante e o foco está na sustentabilidade do crescimento e na continuidade do negócio.
É importante ter uma gestão preocupada não só com o governo da empresa mas também com a posição da família na empresa e a sua governance, saber gerir corretamente e antecipadamente um processo de sucessão, enquadrar toda a questão financeira dos dividendos, investimentos e participações de capital em termos de empresa e família, saber comunicar não só para o exterior mas também para o interior da empresa e da família, conseguir concluir acordos de família que permitam criar um quadro de funcionamento saudável para o futuro da empresa e da respetiva família são tudo tarefas próprias destes D. Quixote dos tempos modernos.
O longo prazo é a continuidade, é o futuro que as famílias querem para as suas empresas fora de qualquer moda temporária ou mudança impingida por obrigações sociais de circunstância. Gerir uma empresa familiar não é gerir o “meu” negócio, mas receber um ativo da geração acima e torná-lo ainda melhor e mais forte para a geração abaixo.
É por isso que Construir o Futuro nas empresas familiares é uma obrigação e será sempre o desígnio dos seus gestores.
Foi com base nesta convicção que escrevi o livro intitulado “Manual de Como Construir o Futuro nas Empresas Familiares” porque julguei ser importante criar um referencial rápido para todas as gerações envolvidas e para todos os membros das famílias empresárias independentemente do seu posicionamento acionista e de gestão. Este aspeto é crucial nas empresas. Gerir uma empresa familiar implica todo um conjunto de relações que importa conhecer e saber gerir. A família pode e deve ser uma alavanca para o negócio criando uma base sólida para que o mesmo se possa desenvolver.
Construir o Futuro faz aqui todo o sentido, por favor não sonhem apenas com o imediato. [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third] [/av_section] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Outros artigos da edição de 14 de outubro do AESE insight' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' 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Professor de Operações e Tecnologia [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/EVM_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84007' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-51-3/' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Competências distintivas de um país?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Eugenio Viassa Monteiro, Professor de Fator Humano na I.I.M.Rohtak (India) [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/hydraulic-fracturing_AESEinsight14out_Inst.png' attachment='84011' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.ieseinsight.com/doc.aspx?id=2446&ar=1&idioma=2' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='What is the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing? ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Pietro Bonetti of IESE, Christian Leuz of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Giovanna Michelon of the University of Bristolm, IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/6Strategies_Leading_Un__AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84012' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://hbr.org/2021/04/6-strategies-for-leading-through-uncertainty' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='6 Strategies for Leading Through Uncertainty ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Rebecca Zucker and Darin Rowell, Harvard Business Review [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section][av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/creativity-and-risk_AESEinsight14out.png' attachment='84006' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.strategy-business.com/blog/The-surprising-link-between-creativity-and-risk' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='The surprising link between creativity and risk' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Michele Wucker, strategy+business [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Leading-under-pressure_AESEinsight14out.png' attachment='84009' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.strategy-business.com/blog/Leading-under-pressure' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='To control the anxiety produced by moments of intense pressure, first step back and analyze the stakes' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Theodore Kinni, strategy+business [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Próximos programas de formação ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''][/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3º-DEEP_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82850' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,32290' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='DEEP -Digital Emersion Executive Program - live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 25 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/PADE-2021-2022_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='83977' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,1944' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Programa de Alta Direção de Empresas (PADE)' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 2 e 3 de novembro, em Lisboa e no Porto [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/HBE-2021-2022_instagram_1080px_02.jpg' attachment='81874' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,76958' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Hospital Business Enhancement (HBE) live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 8 de novembro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,72' items='5' offset='5' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Leia outras edições' heading_link='post,64984' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,226' items='6' offset='no_duplicates' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Alumni AESE ' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='event-categories,27' items='4' offset='1' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Short Programs' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third]

AESE insight #51

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Competências distintivas de um país?' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #51 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/EVM_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84007' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,11540' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Eugenio Viassa Monteiro' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Professor de Fator Humano na I.I.M.Rohtak (India) [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Parece exagerado falar de competências de um país, ou de grupos étnicos, de determinadas origens, para um certo tipo de trabalho intelectual ou manual, em que se evidenciam particulares destrezas. É minha convicção que uma pessoa pode alcançar níveis de conhecimentos e habilidades, de acordo com a capacidade intelectual, a vocação pessoal ou uma certa propensão para eles. Mas conta sobretudo a dedicação para entender, assimilar e praticar os fenómenos em causa e ganhar domínio sobre eles. Há aspetos técnicos a dominar, mas a inclinação pessoal e o exercício podem levar longe. Mais ainda se a prática da modalidade tiver começado muito cedo na vida da criança. Vejo, por exemplo, que nos países onde há um culto da música - penso na Itália, na Áustria, por exemplo -, as crianças desenvolvem uma aptidão e um ouvido apurado, impulsionado pelo ambiente de musicalidade reinante.
Abundam pintores de grande qualidade em Espanha, talvez porque o ambiente artístico e a “presença” de pintores famosos, com obras de alta qualidade, influi através dos museus que são alvo de visitas organizadas para grupos de crianças e adolescentes. Eles parecem conservar na sua memória longa a ressonância das emulações aos que sobressaíram, surgindo neles o desejo de pintar, como eco das exposições que visitaram.
Alguma vez pensei que em Portugal abundavam poetas, fruto, talvez, do ambiente de prestígio e admiração que eles gozam.
Vem tudo isto a propósito de que a Índia é uma das mais importantes potencias e um pool de especialistas, cientistas e técnicos, no domínio das TI-Tecnologias de Informação. Há quem atribua isso ao facto de serem os indianos dotados de um raciocínio lógico, favorável às matemáticas. Outros atribuem a destreza na Informática ao rigor e à precisão das suas línguas que têm por base o sânscrito, com aquelas características importantes para a escrita de software.
O cálculo mental e a lógica de pensar foram sempre alvo de exercício e treino nas escolas básicas da Índia com o veículo linguístico local, como me lembro bem das Escolas de Goa, em marathi.
É verdade que a Índia tem centenas de milhar, senão milhões, de Engenheiros, Informáticos e Matemáticos dedicados aos trabalhos de TI, com resultados brilhantes. Houve uma mudança de perceção sobre a Índia, passando da ideia das vacas sagradas e da pobreza, para o que há de mais avançado em computação.
Com certeza há outros países onde surgiram expoentes de ideias de software e da sua aplicação para fins práticos, para depressa ganharem uma projeção mundial.
Para a Índia, de que só conhecíamos a pobreza - pelo menos assim deixada pelos colonizadores, e que continuou por mais 43 anos após a Independência, até à mudança do seu modelo económico, passando do tipo soviético para o modelo de livre iniciativa, em 1991- surpreende-nos ver a extraordinária expansão das empresas dedicadas às TI. E encontrar pessoas singulares, indianas, de alto nível, catapultadas para posições de topo nas empresas norte-americanas.
A razão mais imediata porque as TI fizeram sucesso na Índia pode encontrar-se na justaposição de dois factos que criaram a ideia de uma facilidade natural dos indianos para as TI. Eles são: Formação de Engenheiros de muito alta qualidade nos IIT - Indian Institute of Technology. Como eram poucos os IIT, para a população que se queria inscrever neles e formar-se, houve necessidade de grande seletividade. E os que entravam tinham boas possibilidades de trabalho, sobretudo no estrangeiro. Eram disputados pelo seu saber e preparação, como pelos hábitos de trabalho que traziam.
  1. Os que ficavam no país pareciam vegetar, mal pagos, sem desafios à altura. Por causa disso, muitos criaram a sua própria empresa de TI na Índia. Os emigrados, ao mostrar a sua valia eram solicitados para muitos trabalhos que eles, naturalmente levavam para as empresas dos seus colegas na Índia. E começa aí uma colaboração muito frutífera entre os emigrados e as empresas locais, em grande expansão, em número e dimensão, pelo valor que acrescentavam.
  2. A concentração de Engenheiros de alta qualidade nos EUA, deu notoriedade aos IIT-Índian Institute of Technology e outros Institutos de engenharia e aos seus formados, que eram avidamente procurados para preparar a superação do bug do ano 2000; e mais tarde para reforçar novos desenvolvimentos em TI, dadas as claras vantagens para as empresas e para o setor.
No grupo de emigrados, bem preparados e dedicados, surgem expoentes que são catapultados para posições cimeiras de muitas Organizações internacionais, como na Microsoft, Google, Cognizant, Adobe, Nokia, Harmann, IBM, etc., pelo seu incontestável mérito pessoal.
Hoje as maiores empresas de TI nascidas na Índia, nos anos 1970, 80 e depois, atingiram uma dimensão completamente inimaginada, para além de centenas de milhar de dimensão média e pequena, muito especializadas. Cito uns poucos nomes:
  • TCS-Tata Consultancy Services, com um staff de 509.000 trabalhadores especializados;
  • INFOSYS, com 260.000;
  • Wipro, com 210.000.
  • HCL, com 169.000;
Entre as Multinacionais de TI com grandes operações na Índia podem-se citar:
  • a IBM com ~150.000 na Índia, do total de 383.000;
  • a Accenture, com ~150.000, do total de 569.000;
  • A CAP-GEMINI, com ~125.000, do total de 270.000.
  • a Cognizant, com 150.000, do total de 281.000.
Em 2020, trabalhavam nas TI da Índia 4,36 milhões de especialistas diretos e cerca de 12 milhões de trabalhadores indiretos. As taxas de recrutamento são hoje muito elevadas, acompanhadas de uma elevada rotação, por haver muito procura de especialistas que transitam de empresa para empresa.
Embora a transição seja negativa para as empresas, que tem de repor os que saíram, para os especialistas e para o setor tem vantagens, pois é a forma de se valorizarem com as oportunidades que surgem para os mais competentes e preparados. Por vezes os aumentos de vencimento oferecidos, para transitar, podem ser de 100 % dependendo do especialista e da empresa contratante.
Durante e após a pandemia surgiu uma “febre de digitalização”, para seguir a rota da AI-Inteligência Artificial, das LO-learning organizations, do IoT-Internet of things, da robotização, … o que levou à procura de talentos, no imediato; a outra face disso é que com as automatizações que se fizeram, dentro em breve terá de haver redução de pessoal. O setor doméstico que emprega cerca de 16 milhões em TI, dos quais 9 milhões em ocupações de menor especialização, como em tarefas de BPO-Business Process Outsourcing, cerca de 30 % deles, de acordo com a NASSCOM, perder-se-ão com o impacto dos processos de robotização, no ano 2022. Também por isso a maioria de empresas está a recapacitar os seus colaboradores para as novas skillsnecessárias no futuro próximo.
Para além das TI, interessante é referir que há cada vez um maior número de Multinacionais (MNC-Multinational Companies) que se instalam na Índia para fazer Investigação e Desenvolvimento, que necessitam. A Índia tem atualmente cerca de 1750 GCC- Global Captive Centres de 1430 MNC. Deles 35 % são de TI-BPM e 34 % do setor de Engenharia e Produção. Espera-se que até ao Ano 2023 mais 500 MNC estabeleçam na Índia os seus GCC.
Porque as MNC escolhem a Índia? Por ter ampla oferta de cientistas, preparadas, com boa formação superior, nos mais diversos ramos de atividade; as suas remunerações continuam a ser ainda uma fração das da Europa ou dos EUA. Além de que são pessoas com hábitos de trabalho intenso, disciplinado e inteligente.
Toda a I&D em TI é feita na Índia por empresas privadas, com grande dinamismo, a par das mais avançadas empresas mundiais do setor. [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third] [/av_section] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Outros artigos da edição de 14 de outubro do AESE insight' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/JRamalhoFontes_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84008' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-51/' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Bons e novos desafios para o ecossistema da vinha e do vinho' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] José Ramalho Fontes, Presidente da AESE Business School e Professor de Operações e Tecnologia [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/PedroAlvito_AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84010' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-51-2/' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Construir o Futuro faz sentido?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Pedro Alvito, Professor de Política de Empresa da AESE Business School e Diretor do Programa “Construir o Futuro nas Empresas Familiares” [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/hydraulic-fracturing_AESEinsight14out_Inst.png' attachment='84011' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.ieseinsight.com/doc.aspx?id=2446&ar=1&idioma=2' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='What is the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing? ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Pietro Bonetti of IESE, Christian Leuz of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Giovanna Michelon of the University of Bristolm, IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/6Strategies_Leading_Un__AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84012' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://hbr.org/2021/04/6-strategies-for-leading-through-uncertainty' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='6 Strategies for Leading Through Uncertainty ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Rebecca Zucker and Darin Rowell, Harvard Business Review [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section][av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/creativity-and-risk_AESEinsight14out.png' attachment='84006' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.strategy-business.com/blog/The-surprising-link-between-creativity-and-risk' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='The surprising link between creativity and risk' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' 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src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' 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padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 8 de novembro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,72' items='5' offset='5' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Leia outras edições' heading_link='post,64984' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,226' items='6' offset='no_duplicates' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Alumni AESE ' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' 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AESE insight #51

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Recomendações de leitura' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #51 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/hydraulic-fracturing_AESEinsight14out_Inst.png' attachment='84011' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.ieseinsight.com/doc.aspx?id=2446&ar=1&idioma=2' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='What is the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing? ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Pietro Bonetti of IESE, Christian Leuz of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Giovanna Michelon of the University of Bristolm, IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/6Strategies_Leading_Un__AESEinsight14out_.png' attachment='84012' 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heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third]

AESE insight #50

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Learning to Fly' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #50 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Mike-Rosenberg_.png' attachment='83504' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,83234' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Mike Rosenberg' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Professor of the Practice of Management in the Strategic Management Department of IESE Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] For the last eighteen months, people around the world have been dealing with the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, a strain of Coronavirus, and the devastating economic impact that measures taken to control the virus have had on the global economy. Besides killing over four million people and fundamentally altering the way people interact with each other in many aspects of their lives, it has also had a particularly deep impact on work and the job market.
In addition to the virus and its economic impact, the world is also facing a tremendously complex geo-political situation in which the US is currently at odds with both Russia and China and there are a number of hot and cold conflicts currently playing out all over the world.
Prior to the outbreak, a number of populist political leaders were elected due to an unprecedented level of discontent around the world. To some degree, this has been fueled by rising income inequality caused by the digital revolution and automation. In many ways the response to the virus at the corporate level has accelerated the trend toward digitalization and will have a profound impact on employment and the nature of work long after the virus runs is brought under control.
What makes all of this even more alarming is that the world is quickly heading for the no return point in terms of climate change. Besides the need to transition to a low carbon economy, air and water pollution continue to be major issues in many parts of the world and in particular in the mega cities of Asia and Africa.
Given the situation, it is not surprising that I find that the executives, middle managers and MBA students that I normally interact with increasingly concerned with their career prospects.
What does surprises me, however, is that most of the people separate their concerns about the changing world from their discussions about career management and their future prospects as if the two issues had nothing to do with one another. Another way to say this is that people look at the problem of what to do with their professional life in static rather than dynamic terms.
My conviction is that each of us has the ability and the responsibility to think through how we feel the major trends affecting the world will play out when making choices about where to work, what to do and where to live.
In some ways managing our professional careers in this environment is a little like jumping out of an airplane. If you did that, you would go faster and faster for about 12 seconds before reaching terminal velocity or 120 MPH. This is called being in free fall.
In free fall, a sky diver needs to keep their cool and control their movements with great care as a wrong move can send them hurtling in the wrong direction or even cause them to spin out of control. With skill and practice they can control their direction during their descent, link up with others, and push themselves to their limits. What they cannot do during a jump is to stop, take a break, and ignore the fact that they are falling towards the ground.
Like the skydiver in free fall, professionals need to keep calm and control their movements as change continues to accelerate in today’s business environment.
To take the metaphor a little bit further, what would be ideal is to have a winged suit, like the ones BASE jumpers use, to be able to really control direction and velocity. Working with others, either in loose informal networks, or in new forms of organization such as matrix structures and agile tribes and scrums is the new normal. Success is increasingly about our ability to be a part of and lead teams of people. Above all, in these changing times, it is more important than ever for each one of us to have a sense of where we are trying to go.
I refer to this idea as learning to fly.
Over the years I have developed my own approach for helping people think through their professional options and the essential idea of the Learning to Fly is to take people though that approach. I find the approach to be particularly useful in the new normal because it helps people focus their efforts and their energy so that they can cut through the overwhelming amount of noise and reach the opportunities that are still out there.
Learning to Fly is my attempt to assist people in charting a course in the changing world we live in. It was already changing before SARS-CoV-2 but the virus has, in many ways, accelerated those changes and made a new approach to carrier management even more important. [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third][av_two_fifth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_two_fifth][av_three_fifth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ALP_13.OUT_.2021_linkedin1200x627px_01.jpg' attachment='83583' attachment_size='full' align='left' styling='' hover='' link='post,83234' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] 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Guerreiro, Professora de Fator Humano na Organização, Diretora Programa de Gestão das Organizações Sociais (GOS) e do Liderança no Feminino (OSA) [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Green-post-pandemic_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83507' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.wbs.ac.uk/news/is-it-really-a-green-post-pandemic-recovery/?utm_source=Warwick%20Business%20School&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12625168_Core%20August%202021&utm_content=greener%20headline&dm_i=ZLB,7ILN4,TFDS7O,UKPC3,1' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' 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link='manually,http://www.wbs.ac.uk/news/research-reveals-why-people-refuse-to-wear-face-masks/?utm_source=Warwick%20Business%20School&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12625168_Core%20August%202021&utm_content=Face%20masks%20headline&dm_i=ZLB,7ILN4,TFDS7O,UKPC3,1' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Research reveals why people refuse to wear face masks ' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Nick Powdthavee, Warwick Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' 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Tips for having better conversations' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Business_model_innovation_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83510' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://insightreports.iese.edu/en/business-model-innovation/' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' 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av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 14 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3º-DEEP_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82850' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,32290' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='DEEP - live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 25 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,72' items='5' offset='5' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Leia outras edições' heading_link='post,64984' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,226' items='6' offset='no_duplicates' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Alumni AESE ' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='event-categories,27' items='4' offset='1' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Short Programs' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third]

AESE insight #50

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Leading teams behind the screen: digital leadership in the Portuguese labor market during the covid19 crisis' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #50 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/JFP.png' attachment='83505' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,11557' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='José Fonseca Pires' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Responsável Académico da Área de Fator Humano na Organização e Membro da Direção da AESE Co-autoria de Diogo Carvalho, Investigador da AESE [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Remote work was recently experienced more than ever. While it seems to deliver some benefits, it also may cause non negligible problems. Remote work also exposed crucial issues for all those who manage teams, with their leadership ability to be tested when face-to-face contact is severely limited. We use a questionnaire to explore management difficulties experienced in a remote context and the relationship of these difficulties with leader’s general skills. We introduce a particular valuable perspective when comparing managers’ perception with the vision of their own employees.
The main conclusions of this study are as follow:
  1. In a scenario of massive remote work, business leaders were in two polarized ways of working: either they remained mostly in the usual places of work, or they were mainly working remotely. Managers in positions of greater responsibility and with more employees under their direct responsibility were less in remote work (graph 1 and 2).
  2. There are significant differences between those who work less time remotely and those who work more: the first group considers having a level of difficulty in leading remote teams almost 5% higher compared to the second group. At the same time, they consider they hold a lower level of skills. This suggests it is the remote work itself that develops the skills of managers (learning by doing).
  3. Managers see the “team’s level of stress” as the greatest difficulty on leading remote teams, and not their own personal difficulties. At the same time, this stress does not correlate (at least linearly) with leadership skills. Personally, managers reveal more difficulty in behavioral aspects (motivating, engaging, getting closer) than in operational aspects (setting goals, transmitting guidelines, for example). These differences are around 10 percentage points.
  4. Leaders consider they have a good level of development of leadership skills The most developed are those related to cultural characteristics or developed either through training, or through one’s current responsibility: they are "agility" (in a certain way, an attribute of the Portuguese people, who in the context of the pandemic and with the need for rapid reinvention, had fertile ground to show itself) and the “ecosystem mentality” (an attribute of AESE curricula, which focus its Programs towards the vision of General Management). Less developed skills are related to the skills of the future: digital mindset and the ability to anticipate. Regarding “digital mindset”, it is important to notice that one thing is to use technology for operational and business solutions, and another is to develop an essentially digital type of thinking. Regarding “forethought”, which today is mainly to understand signs, draw scenarios, envision consequences and, in an innovative and creative way, design opportunities and solutions (it's another way of doing strategy), it comes as a less developed skills in line with “agility” as a most developed skill.
  5. From the managers point of view, the level of leadership skills, while it does not reach a certain level, is not reflected in less difficulty in remote leadership, rather it is associated with greater difficulty. This may indicate that the level of skills, while under development, may have short-term “harmful” effects (perhaps due to difficulties in transition and implementation of skills, which are possibly still in an embryonic phase of consolidation), only showing benefits later (when the level of skills’ development is higher). This effect mirrors the so-called “growing pains” felt in any change in the organization. The collaborators' results seem, to some extent, to reinforce this perspective.
  6. As the degree of difficulty and the level of skills development are difficult to measure and includes the subjectivity of each manager, this study manages to pull into reality with the perspective of each manager's employees. On average, employees make a more benevolent assessment than the managers themselves, especially in terms of the difficulty of remote leadership. But there are also many cases in which there is a wide misalignment, positive or negative, between the opinion of the manager and the opinion of employees. This can happen due to managers’ limited self-knowledge of their weaknesses, or due to an additional tolerance and understanding of employees in special moments such as the covid19 crisis (in the case of positive misalignment).
  7. Finally, this new context as well as the need for new skills, exposes the vulnerability of the leaders themselves. And knowing how to deal with one's own vulnerability is also a new leadership skill, crucial in this new paradigm that is intended to be adequate for new forms of organization and work in the future.

This study focuses on short-term remote work experience (when many people already had a trusting relationship established in the team). The results could be very different in a longer remote work horizon (in which the teams themselves would originally be constituted remotely, without knowing each other in person). These points out to the importance of the relationship and trust built previously with face-to-face contact. The need for such contact, combined with the potential benefits of remote work, suggests hybrid models as an option to further explore.
Excert from the official publication of the X Conference of Polish Professors of Management that took place at AESE in September 2021, titled “Management Science - New Horizons”. [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third][/av_section][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Outros artigos da edição de 30 de setembro do AESE insight' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' 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custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cátia-Sa-Guerreiro.png' attachment='83506' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-50-3/' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='O que muda porque nós existimos…?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Cátia Sá Guerreiro, Professora de Fator Humano na Organização, Diretora Programa de Gestão das Organizações Sociais (GOS) e do Liderança no Feminino (OSA) [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Green-post-pandemic_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83507' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.wbs.ac.uk/news/is-it-really-a-green-post-pandemic-recovery/?utm_source=Warwick%20Business%20School&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12625168_Core%20August%202021&utm_content=greener%20headline&dm_i=ZLB,7ILN4,TFDS7O,UKPC3,1' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Is it really a green post-pandemic recovery?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Michael Bradshaw, Warwick Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Facemasks_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83508' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.wbs.ac.uk/news/research-reveals-why-people-refuse-to-wear-face-masks/?utm_source=Warwick%20Business%20School&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12625168_Core%20August%202021&utm_content=Face%20masks%20headline&dm_i=ZLB,7ILN4,TFDS7O,UKPC3,1' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Research reveals why people refuse to wear face masks ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Nick Powdthavee, Warwick Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Can-we-talk_AESEinsight30set_.png' attachment='83509' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.ieseinsight.com/doc.aspx?id=2444&ar=9' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Can we talk? Tips for having better conversations' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Business_model_innovation_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83510' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://insightreports.iese.edu/en/business-model-innovation/' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='How business model innovation can help your firm out of the crisis' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] IESE insight [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' 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av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 14 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3º-DEEP_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82850' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,32290' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='DEEP - live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' 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AESE insight #50

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='O que muda porque nós existimos…?' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #50 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cátia-Sa-Guerreiro.png' attachment='83506' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,11535' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Cátia Sá Guerreiro' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Professora de Fator Humano na Organização, Diretora Programa de Gestão das Organizações Sociais (GOS) e do Liderança no Feminino (OSA) [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Avaliar é um termo corrente e amplo, cuja origem se perde no tempo. Na atualidade, mobilizamos o conceito de avaliação com naturalidade, mas nem sempre fazendo dele o uso mais adequado.
Considerando intervenções que preveem o desenvolvimento das comunidades onde ocorrem, não é recente a ideia da utilidade e pertinência de avaliar a sua eficiência e eficácia. Saber se os resultados previstos foram alcançados em prol do propósito da ação (eficácia), e com a melhor rentabilização de recursos (eficiência), são pilares estruturantes da avaliação das intervenções. Esta ideia é transversal aos mais variados setores de atividade, centrando-se a nossa reflexão no Setor de Economia Social.
Mais recentemente, outra questão se levanta para além da eficácia e eficiência das intervenções – o que muda na vida dos indivíduos/comunidades/populações por terem sido alvo de determinada intervenção?Chegamos ao conceito de impacto social, referido na literatura com uma panóplia vasta de definições. De forma consensual, podemos assumir que se trata do conjunto de “efeitos a longo prazo de uma intervenção de desenvolvimento, diretos ou indiretos, positivos e negativos, primários e secundários, intencionais ou não intencionais.”1 Em suma, importa avaliar os efeitos das intervenções, considerando que “efeito” é o que se obtém em consequência de algo/uma causa. Para quê avaliar o impacto das intervenções de desenvolvimento social?
Se recuarmos no tempo, podemos por exemplo fazer memória do sucedido a nível do apoio internacional. Depois de décadas de ajuda ao desenvolvimento, os principais problemas que afetam os países beneficiários dessa ajuda persistem: níveis elevados de pobreza, bem-estar reduzido, condições precárias de saúde e de educação, insegurança alimentar.2 Muito se foi investindo nos países frágeis, constatando-se porém que não se conseguia determinar a verdadeira contribuição para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos mais pobres, levando a um ceticismo por parte de doadores e investidores, bem como da comunidade internacional. Quais são afinal os efeitos da ajuda que prestamos?
Em resposta a estas questões, emerge a importância da avaliação do impacto social. Aplicando ferramentas concretas, as quais devem ser adequadas à intervenção e à entidade a avaliar, é possível responder de forma mensurável à questão dos efeitos provocados. Determinar o impacto social possibilita por um lado saber que resposta estamos a dar às necessidades dos nossos beneficiários, e por outro disponibiliza informação para parceiros e investidores, potenciando laços de confiança. Mas os benefícios são ainda mais vastos – as entidades avaliadas ficam munidas de informação de suporte à tomada de decisão, em matérias de estratégia e planeamento. Viver sem estratégia é sobreviver, algo que não queremos para as nossas instituições. Finalmente, contribui para a promoção da cultura organizacional e para o sentimento de pertença por parte de funcionários e colaboradores – sabendo para que trabalham, e com que efeitos, poderão aderir de forma mais motivada aos desafios quotidianos.
Por tudo isto, é de salutar a promoção de uma cultura de avaliação a nível institucional. Sabermos quem somos, o que fazemos, para quem e com que impacto promove a coesão e determinação para o propósito ou missão. Esta cultura de avaliação deve ser vivida desde o topo – passar por um processo de avaliação de impacto social é uma decisão de liderança de topo, embora envolva toda a entidade/equipa. Porém deve ser vivida também pela base. Se cada um dos funcionários e colaboradores, em qualquer função (e na firme convicção da importância de cada uma) se questionar sobre o que muda na vida dos beneficiários porque são alvo de uma intervenção concreta, estará a contribuir para esta cultura.
A resposta à crise, e não estamos nós numa crise pandémica marcada pela incerteza, carecendo de uma resposta em cada dia?, passa também por sermos capazes de avaliar o que fazemos e que mudança efetiva provocamos.
Ousemos questionar: o que muda porque eu/nós existo/existimos…?
Publicado pela Fundação CEBI
  • Impact Evaluation in UN Agency Evaluation Suystems: Guidance on Selection, Planning and Management, pág. 6. In Sensibilização para a avaliação de Impacto Social. CASES - Cooperativa António Sérgio para a Economia Social, https://www.cases.pt/programas/sensibilizacao-para-a-avaliacao-de-impacto-social/.
  • Camões - Instituto da Cooperação e da Língua. Avaliação do Impacto: Breve Introdução. Documento de Trabalho no 1/13.
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av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 14 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3º-DEEP_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82850' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,32290' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='DEEP - live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 25 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' 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AESE insight #50

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Recomendações de leitura' tag='h1' style='blockquote 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[av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Green-post-pandemic_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83507' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.wbs.ac.uk/news/is-it-really-a-green-post-pandemic-recovery/?utm_source=Warwick%20Business%20School&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12625168_Core%20August%202021&utm_content=greener%20headline&dm_i=ZLB,7ILN4,TFDS7O,UKPC3,1' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Is it really a green post-pandemic recovery?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Michael Bradshaw, Warwick Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Facemasks_AESEinsight30set.png' attachment='83508' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' 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bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Mike-Rosenberg_.png' attachment='83504' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-50/' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Learning to fly' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Mike Rosenberg, Professor of the Practice of Management in the Strategic Management Department of IESE Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/JFP.png' attachment='83505' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-50-2/' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Leading teams behind the screen' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] José Fonseca Pires , Responsável Académico da Área de Fator Humano na Organização e Membro da Direção da AESE, e Diogo Carvalho, Investigador da AESE [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cátia-Sa-Guerreiro.png' attachment='83506' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='manually,http://www.aese.pt/aese-insight-50-3/' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='O que muda porque nós existimos…?' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Cátia Sá Guerreiro, Professora de Fator Humano na Organização, Diretora Programa de Gestão das Organizações Sociais (GOS) e do Liderança no Feminino (OSA) [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section][av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [/av_one_full][av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_fourth first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Próximos programas de formação ' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''][/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/21MBA_instagram_1080px_01-2.jpg' attachment='82849' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,6532' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Executive MBA' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 8 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/PGL-2021-2022_lisboa_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82848' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,3111' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='Programa de Gestão e Liderança' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 14 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_one_fourth min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3º-DEEP_instagram_1080px_01.jpg' attachment='82850' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,32290' target='' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading heading='DEEP - live online' tag='h3' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' padding='10' color='' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Início a 25 de outubro [/av_heading] [/av_one_fourth][av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_section] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,72' items='5' offset='5' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Leia outras edições' heading_link='post,64984' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='category,226' items='6' offset='no_duplicates' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Alumni AESE ' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third] [av_one_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_magazine link='event-categories,27' items='4' offset='1' tabs='aviaTBtabs' thumbnails='aviaTBthumbnails' heading_active='aviaTBheading_active' heading='Short Programs' heading_link='post,8847' heading_color='orange' heading_custom_color='#ffffff' first_big_pos='top' admin_preview_bg=''] [/av_one_third]

AESE insight #49

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='O futuro das lojas físicas' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #49 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Agostinho_Abrunhosa_AESEinsight16set.png' attachment='82847' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,4644' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Agostinho Abrunhosa' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Professor de Operações, Inovação e Tecnologia, Secretário-Geral e Membro da Direção da AESE Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg='']

O futuro das lojas físicas


Stores only exist because the internet hadn’t been invented” afirmou Oliver Samwer, CEO of Rocket Internet, em 2016[1]. Esta ideia e a revolução recente no retalho leva a pensar no futuro das lojas físicas, no post-covid. Se podemos comprar quase tudo no conforto dos nossos lares ou escritórios, a qualquer hora ou dia do ano, com informação detalhada e reviews, porquê ir às lojas, que nos levantam dúvidas de segurança. As compras eram tradicionalmente feitas nas lojas, dando aos lojistas o poder de influenciar comportamentos e preferências. Com o e-commerce e as tecnologias associadas, novos concorrentes ameaçam esta antiga supremacia e o online começa a ser a principal interface com o comprador. O retalho é uma função central das economias: preenche as necessidades dos consumidores com ofertas dos produtores. Inclui criação da gama, compras, logística das mercadorias, vendas, prestação de informação e comunicação e serviços auxiliares. As lojas tradicionais assumiram estas funções ao longo do tempo.
A digitalização do retalho Dentro da cadeia de valor do retalho, a supremacia das lojas físicas está a ser estruturalmente desafiada à medida que parcelas crescentes estão a passar para formatos assentes na internet, incluindo players 100 % online, iniciativas online de produtores e plataformas. Este desafio foi muito acelerado com a pandemia que fechou as lojas e levou os clientes para o online. Embora algumas marcas de lojas tradicionais participem nessa mudança seguindo estratégias multicanal, uma parte significativa das vendas migra para novos players, como a Amazon e a Alibaba. À medida que mais e mais clientes preferem as compras digitais e a entrega direta dos pedidos, muitos lojistas viram o tráfego de visitantes cair e muitas acabaram por fechar. Em 2017, enquanto a economia dos EUA crescia 2,3 % um número recorde de lojas – quase 9.000 – fecharam e 50 grandes cadeias abriram falência.[2]
Muitas vantagens fazem os compradores passar para as compras online: conveniência e acessibilidade a uma gama ampla, horário alargado, personalização dos produtos e serviços, procura facilitada, fácil comparação de preços, ampla disponibilidade de informação sobre os produtos, reviews e opiniões, etc. Uma das áreas em que se viu um grande desenvolvimento ao longo dos anos foi na customer experience, onde a Amazon sempre se empenhou. Quem não conhece a função de comprar com um click ou os emails personalizados com sugestões de produtos similares aos que vimos. Ou a facilidade nas devoluções com reembolso completo e sem questões.
Naturalmente que os players neste ambiente também beneficiam bastante da pegada digital dos seus clientes e visitantes podendo fazer ofertas personalizadas e procurando otimizar o mais possível a customer journey nos seus sites, por forma a concretizarem vendas ou conseguirem leads para os seus produtos ou serviços. Criaram-se formas de relacionamento online e as redes sociais são cada vez mais montras de produtos e de influência das vendas. Com o desenvolvimento do comércio online surgem claramente 4 modelos de retalho: puramente físico, puramente online, showrooming e webrooming [3] O showrooming reflete o formato em que os clientes vão às lojas ver os produtos que depois compram online por preços mais baixos ou com características personalizadas. O webrooming é o reverso, ou seja, o comprador faz a sua pesquisa e comparações online, mas acaba por ir comprar à loja onde pode beneficiar de imediato da compra do produto. Quem vende tem de conhecer bem cada um destes modelos e ver que estratégias deve seguir para vingar em cada um deles e como beneficiar das interligações entre modelos, para conseguir vender o máximo e com as melhores margens. Muitos produtores querem vender diretamente aos seus clientes finais, retirando daí inúmeras vantagens afetando as lojas tradicionais.
Partilho exemplos de como a transformação digital está a alterar as fases de pesquisa, compra e uso dos produtos. Na fase de pesquisa vimos como a L’Oreal criou uma escova digital que analisa o cabelo dos seus clientes e, pela ligação à app, recomenda a utilização de tratamentos de beleza de luxo. O Ikea tem uma app que permite através de realidade aumentada ver como fica um determinado sofá na sala antes de o comprar. O virtual fitting já usado em algumas lojas permite ver como nos ficam certas roupas sem termos de as vestir.
A Amazon desenvolveu os dash que permitem aos seus clientes encomendar produtos com o simples toque de um botão. Pode haver forma mais simples de comprar detergente da roupa? Ou forma mais simples de pagar do que com o MBWay evitando o uso de cartões e códigos.
Na fase da utilização podemos ver exemplos como a Adidas Running que permite monitorizar, partilhar e comparar o que fazemos com os seus sapatos desportivos, ou outros nas redes sociais, gerando dados de incrível valor. Também a Colgate potencia o uso da sua escova eletrónica ao ligá-la ao smartphone e que permite ajudar a melhorar o escovar dos dentes, mostrando zonas que exigem mais atenção ou sugerindo o uso de produtos complementares de limpeza.
Como podem evoluir as lojas físicas As lojas físicas podem subsistir se derem uma experiência que o online não consegue: atendimento especial e personalizado, ambiente agradável, experimentação, tocar e sentir os produtos, conselho profissional, conveniência, proximidade, gratificação instantânea, serviço em real time, ligação às pessoas, experiência mais do que transação. É conhecida a expressão “We buy experiences, not things”. Para isso, é preciso também investir em colaboradores e formação mais sofisticada para permitir essa experiência e o serviço que os clientes procuram. Ir às compras será cada vez mais uma experiência. Veja-se o exemplo da Livraria Lello no Porto.
Hoje o desafio está em que a maioria das pessoas inicia as suas pesquisas online, pelo que é crítico estar online e os que tiverem a noção clara que têm de fazer muito mais do que vender são os que vão vingar. As lojas físicas têm de integrar o físico com a tecnologia e o online. Surge assim o phygital que vem da contração das palavras physical e digital. A demarcação entre o que é físico e o que é digital está a apagar-se em prol da oferta de uma experiência única ao consumidor. Esta é uma área em que os designers de interação e a criatividade vão ter um papel relevante.
Vale a pena pensar no porquê da Amazon abrir lojas físicas. Desenvolveu a Amazon go como montra tecnológica e de conveniência máxima para o cliente. Tem as lojas 4 stars, onde só se encontram os melhores produtos. Recentemente, introduziu o dash cart, que não é mais do que um carrinho de compras que faz o scan dos produtos, orienta na loja e automatiza o check-out. A Amazon não só revolucionou o comércio electrónico como quer revolucionar outras áreas e não apenas no retalho.
Algumas ideias podem ajudar as lojas a darem uma melhor experiência e a venderam mais: receção hiperpersonalizada com reconhecimento facial (cumprindo o RGPD claro), permitir pesquisas digitais nas lojas para facilitar o encontrar e conhecer produtos, políticas simples de devoluções, decorações/espaços que facilitem a partilha nas redes sociais, lojas como hub de entrega e devolução das compras online, rapidez e segurança de atendimento, rapidez de pagamento sem ir para a fila, nem contacto com outras pessoas.
Verificam-se ainda outras tendências no retalho. Uma delas é a aposta crescente nos stocks preditivos, a capacidade de prever e entregar produtos que vão ser comprados nas lojas, evitando excessos de inventário e ruturas. Outra são as mini-lojas com poucos produtos, mas de alta rotação. Também a preocupação pela sustentabilidade tem vindo a ganhar adeptos que alteram os seus comportamentos de compra, em especial nas camadas mais jovens.
Neste processo de evolução e diferenciação, as lojas têm de inovar continuamente na experiência do cliente, diferenciar-se do online e indo muito além da venda. Atenção aos detalhes, momentos partilháveis nas redes sociais, hiperpersonalização e ofertas de valor exclusivas definiram até agora as melhores experiências na loja, os retalhistas mais inteligentes continuarão a desafiar o status quo para ver como podem encantar os clientes de maneiras novas e inesperadas.
[1] NIM, Nuremberg Institute for Market Decisions,  https://www.nim.org/sites/default/files/medien/2327/dokumente/reinartz_intro_vol_11_no_1_eng.pdf [2] Toulan, Omar, Pisani Niccolò, How high streets and shopping malls face a domino effect from major store closures, IMD, junho 2018, https://www.imd.org/research-knowledge/articles/how-high-streets-and-shopping-malls-face-a-domino-effect-from-major-store-closures/ [3] Hybrid strategies and the new face of retail. https://www.imd.org/research-knowledge/articles/Hybrid-strategies-and-the-new-face-of-retail/ [/av_textblock] [/av_two_third] [/av_section] [av_hr class='invisible' height='70' shadow='no-shadow' position='center' custom_border='av-border-thin' custom_width='50px' custom_border_color='' custom_margin_top='30px' custom_margin_bottom='30px' icon_select='yes' custom_icon_color='' icon='ue808' font='entypo-fontello' av-small-hide='aviaTBav-small-hide' av-mini-hide='aviaTBav-mini-hide' admin_preview_bg=''] [av_one_full first 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AESE insight #49

[av_layerslider id='2084'] [av_layerslider id='2085'] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='95px' padding='no-padding' shadow='no-border-styling' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='' bottom_border_style='' scroll_down='aviaTBscroll_down' custom_arrow_bg='#f37421' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='#ffffff' src='' attachment='' attachment_size='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'][/av_section] [av_one_full first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_heading heading='Cobertura de ângulos cegos. Tem o conselho de administração a informação adequada para uma eficaz tomada de decisão?' tag='h1' style='blockquote modern-quote' size='48' subheading_active='subheading_above' subheading_size='12' padding='15' color='custom-color-heading' custom_font='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] AESE insight #49 > Thinking ahead [/av_heading] [/av_one_full] [av_section min_height='' min_height_px='500px' padding='default' shadow='no-shadow' bottom_border='no-border-styling' bottom_border_diagonal_color='#333333' bottom_border_diagonal_direction='scroll' bottom_border_style='scroll' scroll_down='' custom_arrow_bg='' id='' color='main_color' custom_bg='' src='' attach='scroll' position='top left' repeat='no-repeat' video='' video_ratio='16:9' video_mobile_disabled='' overlay_enable='' overlay_opacity='0.5' overlay_color='' overlay_pattern='' overlay_custom_pattern='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av_element_hidden_in_editor='0'] [av_one_third first min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_image src='https://www.aese.pt/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/PAgua.png' attachment='82851' attachment_size='full' align='center' styling='' hover='' link='post,5466' target='_blank' caption='' font_size='' appearance='' overlay_opacity='0.4' overlay_color='#000000' overlay_text_color='#ffffff' animation='no-animation' admin_preview_bg=''][/av_image] [av_heading tag='h3' padding='10' heading='Pedro Borda d’Água' color='' style='blockquote modern-quote' custom_font='' size='' subheading_active='subheading_below' subheading_size='15' custom_class='' admin_preview_bg='' av-desktop-hide='' av-medium-hide='' av-small-hide='' av-mini-hide='' av-medium-font-size-title='' av-small-font-size-title='' av-mini-font-size-title='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size=''] Professor de Política de Empresa da AESE Business School [/av_heading] [/av_one_third][av_two_third min_height='' vertical_alignment='' space='' custom_margin='' margin='0px' padding='0px' border='' border_color='' radius='0px' background_color='' src='' background_position='top left' background_repeat='no-repeat' animation='' mobile_breaking='' mobile_display=''] [av_textblock size='' font_color='' color='' av-medium-font-size='' av-small-font-size='' av-mini-font-size='' admin_preview_bg=''] Como se garante que o conselho de administração tem a informação adequada para a tomada de decisão? A boa tomada de decisões é crítica a qualquer nível organizacional, mas é crucial ao nível do conselho de administração. A melhor dinâmica do conselho ou o mero foco em questões substantivas não são garantia duma tomada de decisão eficaz. Uma tomada de decisão eficaz depende da qualidade e disponibilidade de informação adequada. Informação adequada não surge por si só, mas depende do estabelecimento de arquitecturas de informação cuidadosamente desenhadas, constituindo assim a base para um governo organizacional eficaz. O quê, porquê, como e onde devem ser levantadas questões com vista a assegurar informação de qualidade, são factores devem ser estabelecidos, através de uma adequada arquitectura de informação.

A crescente exigência aos conselhos de administração

Os conselhos rubber stamp, caracterizados por alguma conformidade excessiva ou mesmo falta iniciativa, são um conceito que pertence ao passado, e a recuperação dos efeitos da actual pandemia não deixa espaço para passividade ou improvisação. Torna-se necessário assegurar que os processos e dinâmicas de tomada de decisão sejam robustos. Para além da necessidade de supervisão eficaz, os conselhos têm de se envolver cada vez mais na estratégica, incluindo a participação no desenho destas. Para além de um processo adequado, a boa tomada de decisão depende da qualidade da informação, o que carece de uma arquitectura de informação eficaz e eficiente. Sem tal arquitectura, a alta direcção pode não ter claro quando liderar; quando trabalhar em parceria; ou quando se deve manter fora do caminho da gestão. Casos de deficiente governo empresarial abundam e legitimam a necessidade de dedicar alguma atenção a esse assunto, crítico para a eficácia do conselho. As boas notícias são que esta arquitectura de informação não tem de ser complexa.
Para responder às exigências da recuperação pós-pandémica, um governo empresarial eficaz necessita de conselhos de administração que dediquem atenção tanto à informação interna como externa relevante.  Para melhorar a eficácia destes no cumprimento dos seus deveres para com as organizações que servem, deve ser dada atenção tanto a canais de informação formais como informais, englobando questões estratégicas de curto e longo prazo. Os canais de informação formais são tipicamente desenhados. Em contrapartida, os canais informais são tipicamente mais subtis e implicam a conquista da confiança das pessoas da organização (e fora dela), incluindo tanto os executivos como a força de trabalho.
O âmbito de responsabilidades do conselho tem vindo a crescer, como demonstrado pela crescente existência de comités especializados, desde risco, estratégia ou sustentabilidade. Tais comités exigem canais de informação distintos e não existe uma solução de que sirva todos os propósitos.
Analisemos alguns antecedentes e a concepção duma arquitectura de informação eficaz para a tomada de decisão.

Fomentar a eficácia no funcionamento do conselho


Alguns autores têm chamado atenção para Factores Críticos de Sucesso no eficaz funcionamento dos conselhos de administração (Figura
1): (1) foco em questões substantivas, (2) dinâmicas de grupo construtivas, e (3) arquitectura de Informação adequada.    Figura 1- Factores críticos para o bom funcionamento dos conselhos.
Os conselhos de administração eficazes concentram-se em questões substantivas, abordando as questões estratégicas de curto e longo prazo, assegurando que diferenciam entre fazer bem as coisas e fazer as coisas certas (doing the things right vs. doing the right things).
Por seu lado, uma boa dinâmica de grupo desempenha um papel crítico nas interacções entre os conselhos de administração e a gestão, a par das dinâmicas intra-conselho.
A acquisição de informação relevante é crítica para o seu modus operandi. Independentemente da dinâmica dos conselhos e do enfoque em questões substantivas que possam afectar o negócio, se os conselhos não tiverem a informação certa atempadamente, os seus esforços podem acabar por ser inúteis ou, pelo menos, ineficazes.
Ter estes três factores críticos de sucesso sob controlo, é uma condição necessária para a eficácia da administração. A crescente exigência colocada ao governo corporativo no século XXI, agravadas pelo actual paradigma pandémico, não têm, contudo, lugar para abordagens amadoras.
Ao conceber uma arquitectura de informação adequada, um primeiro passo deve ser a clarificação da taxonomia aplicável. Independentemente dos seus papéis, as pessoas abordam o futuro, modelando a realidade com vista a decidirem a acção (Figura 3). Figura 2 - Modelamos a realidade a fim de decidir as nossas acções.
A aquisição dos aspectos relevantes da realidade num modelo que apoia a tomada de decisão envolve dados, informação e conhecimento, ao que poderíamos acrescentar, sabedoria. Sendo o processo de tomada de decisão uma função destes modelos juntamente com a qualidade e disponibilidade de informação relevante, é fundamental decidir que tipologias de informação são relevantes, porquê, como e quando.

Uma possível arquitectura de informação

Para a boa tomada de decisão na alta direcção, é necessária informação, tanto interna como externa às empresas pelas quais são responsáveis. Os canais de informação podem ser formais ou informais. Os primeiros são geralmente estabelecidos pelo conselho, ou em conjunto com a gestão. No âmbito dos canais formais, o Balanced Scorecard (BSC), normalmente utilizado pela gestão para fins de controlo, pode desempenhar um papel estratégico se desenhado para servir o conselho [1].
Contudo, o conselho também necessita de informação proveniente de canais informais, muitas vezes sob a forma de contactos ad-hoc com a gestão, ou informação que é obtida mediante "walking around", o que pode envolver visitas às instalações e operacões da empresa. Canais informais são fundamentais para evitar que os conselhos sejam vítimas dos “filtros” de informação - uma vez que, independentemente da qualidade da equipa executiva, os conselhos de administração obterão sempre informações filtradas.
Como exemplo interessante, Soichiro Honda, fundador da Honda Motor Company, era conhecido por usar uniformes fabris (blue colar) ao visitar as suas fábricas, fazendo com que a força de trabalho se sentisse à vontade para falar livremente, partilhando assim informação preciosa [2]. Exemplo semelhante vem de Konosuke Matsushita e da forma como ele se relacionava com a sua força de trabalho, e onde o mesmo padrão de informalidade proporcionaria a este líder de topo, informação não filtrada, ao mesmo tempo que motivava a força de trabalho devido ao seu estilo amigável. Nos seus primeiros tempos como líder, Matsushita costumava fazer piqueniques com os colaboradores, ilustrando que canais de comunicação informais podem alimentar o topo das organizações com informação de alta qualidade [3].
Uma boa arquitectura de informação necessita que a administração preste atenção tanto a temas internos como externos. A informação interna, originada geralmente pela gestão, chega ao conselho como briefs e sínteses, prioritizando questões de acordo com a agenda estratégica [4]. Tal abordagem é condição necessária, contudo não suficiente. A administração também necessita de estar conscientes do contexto externo que envolve as organizações que servem, compreendendo os clientes, panorama competitivo, mapeando preocupações de distintos stakeholders, ou avaliando riscos. Adicionalmente, precisam de canais de informação formais e informais. Os primeiros incluem, por exemplo, relatórios do CEO, relatórios sobre a situação financeira e previsões. Já os canais informais podem variar desde o envolvimento com outros administradores numa base casuística, até ao contacto com a gestão e a força de trabalho. Fomentar almoços e “cafés” com pessoal chave nunca deve ser negligenciado, pois é uma excelente forma de obter informação relevante. Obviamente, tal deve ser feito dentro do equilíbrio certo. A administração deve igualmente assegurar-se de que obtêm informação de fontes independentes, a fim de evitar "ângulos cegos". Devem ser proactivos na concepção das suas necessidades específicas de informação, evitando concomitantemente a armadilha do excesso de informação que pode resultar em disfuncionalidade ou fraco desempenho. A arquitectura da informação deve ter por base relações de causa-e-efeito, estruturando o sistema de informação desejado através de um conjunto de relações lógicas.  A Figura 3 sugere uma possível estrutura lógica mostrando as condições necessárias para desenhar uma arquitectura de informação adequada. Figura 3 - Uma possível arquitectura de informação para o conselho.

Resumindo


Existem diversas tipologias de conselho de administração. O que é comum, contudo, a todos eles é que os conselhos eficazes se focam em questões substantivas, têm uma boa dinâmica de grupo, e uma arquitectura de informação adequada. Nenhuma destas condições é suficiente por si só. Todas são necessárias para um governo corporativo eficaz. A informação canalizada para o conselho pelo CEO está sempre sujeita a alguma filtragem, potenciando ângulos cegos. Assim, os conselhos de administração devem estabelecer canais de informação formais e informais a fim de assegurar que dispõem da informação adequada para alimentar o seu processo de tomada de decisões. Embora os canais formais de comunicação possam ser desenhados em conjunto com a gestão, os informais são normalmente postos em prática pelos próprios administradores, por vezes de forma ad hoc. Para que as empresas e economias recuperem da actual situação pandémica, os actores em questão terão de ser mais proactivos no assegurar das suas necessidades de informação, o que irá certamente exigir mais atenção a factores como os fluxos de informação dentro e fora das empresas.

Referências

[1] Kaplan, R. S., & Nagel, M. E. (2003). Improving Corporate Governance with the Balanced Scorecard. HBS Working paper Series. [2] Derisbourg, Y. (1993). O Senhor Honda. Lisboa: Ed. Contexto. [3] Kotter, J.P. (1997). Matsushita Leadership. Lessons from the 20Th Century Most Remarkable Entrepreneur. New York: Free Press. [4] Nueno, P. (2016). 10 trends for the board of 2020: The future of governance. IESE Insight, 29, 45-51. 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